About
Alija Izetbegović was a prominent Bosnian politician, Islamic philosopher, and author who played a pivotal role in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He served as the president of the presidency of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1990 to 1996, and later as the first chairman of the presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Izetbegović was also the founder and first president of the Party of Democratic Action, a key political force in the country. His leadership was crucial during the tumultuous period of the Bosnian War and the country's transition to independence.
Career Timeline
Imprisonment for Islamic Declaration
Sentenced to prison for publishing the Islamic Declaration, an intellectual work on Islamic governance. This made him a known dissident but left him with no wealth or political power.
Founded Party of Democratic Action
Founded and became president of the SDA party as Yugoslavia began fragmenting. His political rise began but he remained relatively unknown internationally with minimal personal wealth.
Elected President of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Became the first president of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina as the country declared independence. His international profile grew significantly as he led the multi-ethnic republic during a critical period.
Bosnian War Leadership Begins
Led Bosnia through the outbreak of the devastating Bosnian War, becoming an internationally recognized figure. Despite wartime chaos, his role as a wartime president elevated his global standing dramatically.
Dayton Accords Peace Agreement
Negotiated and signed the Dayton Accords, ending the Bosnian War and establishing the modern Bosnian state structure. His international reputation peaked as a statesman who secured peace for his people.
Retirement from Political Life
Stepped down from the Presidency, ending a decade of leadership during Bosnia's most turbulent period. He remained a respected elder statesman but withdrew from active politics.
Death and National Mourning
Died in Sarajevo, with his funeral attended by hundreds of thousands and dignitaries worldwide. His modest estate reflected a life dedicated to public service rather than personal enrichment.
Legacy as Bosnian Independence Father
Over two decades after his death, Izetbegović is remembered as the founding father of independent Bosnia and a key figure in Balkan history. His intellectual works and wartime leadership continue to influence Bosnian politics and identity.
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Last updated: February 23, 2026