About
Ali Akbar Hashemi Bahramani Rafsanjani was an Iranian Shia cleric and politician who served as the fourth president of Iran from 1989 to 1997. He was a founding father of the Islamic Republic of Iran and held various key positions, including head of the Assembly of Experts and chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council. Rafsanjani was known for his pragmatic and moderate policies, seeking to improve Iran's relations with the West and promote economic development.
Career Timeline
Key Figure in Islamic Revolution
Plays crucial role in the Iranian Revolution, becoming one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic. Establishes himself as a powerful political and religious leader.
Speaker of Parliament During War
Serves as Speaker of Parliament during the Iran-Iraq War, helping coordinate the war effort. His pragmatic approach gains him influence and wealth through wartime contracts.
Elected President of Iran
Becomes Iran's fourth president with a mandate to rebuild the war-torn economy. His business-friendly policies and privatization efforts significantly increase his personal fortune.
Completes Presidential Terms
Finishes two terms as president, having opened Iran to foreign investment and pursued détente with the West. Steps down but remains a powerful behind-the-scenes figure.
Presidential Campaign Defeat
Loses presidential election to hardliner Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, marking a decline in his political influence. His moderate faction is sidelined by conservative forces.
Death of Influential Pragmatist
Dies suddenly in January, prompting massive public mourning. His death marks the end of an era of revolutionary pragmatism in Iranian politics.
Legacy of Moderation and Reform
Remembered as one of Iran's most pragmatic post-revolutionary leaders who sought to balance religious principles with economic development. His influence on Iran's political landscape remains significant nine years after his death.
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Last updated: February 23, 2026